Treating the Locked Jaw

A locked jaw occurs when the displaced disc inside the joint completely blocks the lower jaw from opening normally. Instead of the usual clicking or popping that accompanies opening, the jaw simply stops, often at a significantly reduced opening. Attempting to open wider causes pain in front of the ear and may cause the chin to shift to one side.

Jaw locking, while frightening and painful when it first occurs, is actually a stage in the natural course of many TMJ disorders, and it does not always require aggressive intervention.

Dr. Yolanda Cruz is a general dentist. Jaw locking assessment and treatment are provided within the scope of general dentistry.

If the jaw stays locked:

In many cases, the jaw will gradually open more over time as the tissues adapt, sometimes over days, sometimes over weeks or months. While this is occurring, wearing an appropriate oral appliance during sleep can support the adaptation process and reduce discomfort. The joint will generally find a new equilibrium.

Unlocking the jaw:

In some cases, particularly when locking is recent, it may be possible to guide the jaw back into a more open position. Muscle relaxation is important in this process, as tight jaw muscles make it harder for the joint to release. Various approaches, including muscle relaxants or other medications, may be used to assist.

If surgery is considered:

Arthrocentesis, a procedure in which fluid is gently flushed through the joint using small needles, can sometimes relieve a locked joint and reduce inflammation. Arthroscopy offers a slightly more involved version of the same approach with the ability to visualize the joint. These are closed (minimally invasive) surgical procedures that are occasionally recommended when other approaches have not been sufficient. Open joint surgery is reserved for rare, severe cases.

The key principle:

The treatment should always be proportional to the severity of the symptoms. Locking is the most symptomatic phase of many TMJ conditions, but it is typically just a phase. Many patients who experience locking go on to do well with conservative management and long-term appliance wear.