If you’ve ever noticed that your gums are swollen, red, or even bleeding, your body is giving you a sign that trouble is brewing in your mouth. You should pay attention to this warning, because irritated gums can lead to serious problems like tooth loss. It’s important to know what might be causing your swollen gums, and what you can do to return your mouth to normal.

Poor dental hygiene is the most common cause of swollen gums. Inadequate or harsh brushing can lead to gum irritation, and so can rough flossing. The most common reasons that dentists find for swollen, irritated gums include:
•    Gingivitis (gum disease)
•    Canker sores
•    Bacterial infections
•    Hormonal changes during pregnancy or puberty
•    Dry mouth
•    Periodontitis (severe gum disease affecting teeth and bones)
•    Tobacco use
•    Poorly fitting dentures or other appliances
•    Fungal or viral infections
•    Poor dental hygiene
•    Cancer or other diseases

There are steps you can take to reduce swelling and aid the overall health of your gums. For instance, if you treat gingivitis early, it can be reversed before worsening and eventually causing tooth loss. First, choose a toothbrush with soft bristles and use gentle, circular motions on your teeth and gums. Brushing in a back-and-forth motion can irritate and damage your gums. Gently floss every day, and ask your dentist about using a mouthwash to reduce bacteria in your mouth. Make sure you schedule an appointment to see your dentist when you notice your gums are irritated and bothersome, because it’s best to identify the problem and get treatment before your condition gets worse.

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